Skip to Content

The Age Of Artificial Intelligence: Americans Wary Of Impact On Daily Life, See Harm To Education, Benefits To Medical Advances, Quinnipiac University National Poll Finds; Americans Expect AI Will Cause Job Losses But Workers Don't Think Their Own Jobs Will Disappear

As artificial intelligence rapidly changes the way we live and work, Americans have mixed feelings about how AI is affecting society and have conflicting views on AI's impact on the job market, but they are in sync when it comes to concerns about AI's impact on the youngest generation and think businesses and the government are not doing enough in their roles around the technology. These are among the findings in a Quinnipiac (KWIN-uh-pea-ack) University national poll of adults released today examining attitudes about artificial intelligence. The survey was conducted in collaboration with the Quinnipiac University School of Computing & Engineering and the Quinnipiac University School of Business.

HOW MUCH AMERICANS KNOW

Twelve percent of Americans feel they know a great deal about AI, 35 percent feel they know a good amount, 34 percent feel they know just some, and 17 percent feel they know hardly anything about AI.

There are big generation gaps in how much American adults feel they know:

  • Gen Z (1997 - 2007): a great deal (17 percent), a good amount (50 percent), just some (20 percent), and hardly anything (10 percent);
  • Millennials (1981 - 1996): a great deal (13 percent), a good amount (44 percent), just some (29 percent), and hardly anything (10 percent);
  • Gen X (1965 - 1980): a great deal (16 percent), a good amount (28 percent), just some (42 percent), and hardly anything (14 percent);
  • Baby Boomers (1946 - 1964): a great deal (5 percent), a good amount (28 percent), just some (42 percent), and hardly anything (25 percent);
  • Silent Generation (1928 - 1945): a great deal (5 percent), a good amount (6 percent), just some (50 percent), and hardly anything (38 percent).

IMPACT

When it comes to their day-to-day life, a plurality of Americans (44 percent) think AI will do more harm than good, while 38 percent think AI will do more good than harm and 18 percent did not offer an opinion.

There is a stark divide when considering household income.

Among Americans with household incomes of more than $200,000 a year, 60 percent think AI will do more good than harm in their day-to-day life, while 30 percent think AI will do more harm than good.

Among Americans with household incomes of less than $50,000 a year, 59 percent think AI will do more harm than good in their day-to-day life, while 26 percent think AI will do more good than harm.

When it comes to education, more than half of Americans (54 percent) think AI will do more harm than good, while 32 percent think AI will do more good than harm and 15 percent did not offer an opinion.

When it comes to medical advances, 59 percent of Americans think AI will do more good than harm, while 24 percent think it will do more harm than good and 17 percent did not offer an opinion.

AI TASKS

Americans were asked whether they would be comfortable with an AI tool being used to:

  • screen health insurance claims: 23 percent say yes, 71 percent say no, and 6 percent did not offer an opinion;
  • screen loan applications by banks: 27 percent say yes, 67 percent say no, and 6 percent did not offer an opinion;
  • screen job applications by companies: 30 percent say yes, 64 percent say no, and 6 percent did not offer an opinion;
  • assist police in suspect identification such as facial recognition: 53 percent say yes, 42 percent say no, and 5 percent did not offer an opinion.
"Americans are wary of AI's impact on daily life. In classrooms, the concern only deepens. But the mood shifts when AI enters the hospital or the crime lab - most see promise in medical innovation and even support its role in identifying suspects. Yet beneath the surface, an economic divide emerges: lower-income Americans tend to view AI as a threat, while those with higher incomes see it as a benefit. The public isn't rejecting AI outright - they're drawing lines based on trust, lived experience, and who stands to gain or lose," said Chetan Jaiswal, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Computer Science, Quinnipiac University School of Computing & Engineering.
Tamilla Triantoro, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Business Analytics and Information Systems, Quinnipiac University School of Business added, "The public draws the line at AI influencing personal outcomes - jobs, loans, and healthcare. But they are more open to it in policing and facial recognition, possibly because it is seen as protecting society, not personal judgment."

USING AI

Roughly 4 in 10 Americans (41 percent) say they use AI tools such as ChatGPT, Google Gemini or Microsoft Copilot either very often (16 percent) or sometimes (25 percent), while 59 percent say they use AI tools either rarely (26 percent) or never (33 percent).

Adults indicate using AI tools for the following activities: researching topics they are curious about (37 percent), school or work projects (24 percent), writing emails (18 percent), analyzing data (17 percent), creating images (16 percent), and having conversations with AI (13 percent).

"These results show a need for further education not just about how AI can be used, but also about how it actually works. One big concern is the proportion of respondents who use AI for researching topics of interest, since Large Language Models such as ChatGPT, Google Gemini, or Microsoft CoPilot, are text generators, not search engines. These tools are not designed to judge whether or not the text they create is correct," said Brian C. O'Neill, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Computer Science, Quinnipiac University School of Computing & Engineering.

TRUST

When Americans were asked how much of the time they think they can trust the information generated by AI, 4 percent think almost all of the time, 18 percent think most of the time, 51 percent think only some of the time, and 24 percent think hardly ever.

"It's reassuring that a vast majority of Americans trust information generated by AI only some of the time or hardly ever, since it indicates that they have a healthy amount of skepticism when they use AI as a tool for research," added O'Neill.

Americans were asked whether they believe AI development is being led by people and organizations that represent their interests. Five percent believe they do represent their interests, while 37 percent believe they do not represent their interests, and a majority of Americans (54 percent) say they don’t know enough about it to say.

"One thing is clear: Americans are uncertain about the motivations behind the development of Generative AI. The tech industry needs to do more to demonstrate how they are ensuring that AI will be used for good, as well as what they are doing to avert the possible negative consequences of AI and mitigate its potential to perpetuate and exacerbate existing biases," added O'Neill.

TRANSPARENCY & REGULATION

Americans 73 - 13 percent think that businesses are not doing enough to be transparent about their use of AI and 14 percent did not offer an opinion.

Americans 69 - 15 percent think that the government is not doing enough to regulate the use of AI and 16 percent did not offer an opinion.

"Americans are calling out a major trust gap when it comes to AI. There's growing frustration with companies that keep their AI practices behind closed doors, and widespread doubt that government is stepping up to regulate the technology. The message from the public is unmistakable: the transparency isn't there. Without it, confidence in both business and government erodes fast in an AI-driven world," added Jaiswal.

THE WORKFORCE

A majority of Americans (56 percent) think advancements in AI are likely to lead to a decrease in the number of job opportunities for people, 24 percent think it will not make much of a difference, and 13 percent think it is likely to lead to an increase in the number of job opportunities for people.

Among Americans who are employed, 21 percent say they are either very concerned (6 percent) or somewhat concerned (15 percent) that artificial intelligence may make their jobs obsolete, while a vast majority (78 percent) say they are either not so concerned (22 percent) or not concerned at all (56 percent). This is essentially unchanged from Quinnipiac University's May 24, 2023 poll.

"Many Americans believe AI will lead to fewer jobs nationwide, yet most feel secure in their own positions. This highlights the Workforce Paradox - collective concern about automation exists, but so does individual confidence in job security," added Triantoro.

Among Americans who are employed, roughly 4 in 10 (39 percent) say they are learning new skills to be able to use AI to be more productive at work, while 61 percent say they are not.

There is a noticeable gap when it comes to education level.

More than half of employed Americans with a 4-year college degree (55 percent) say they are learning new skills to be able to use AI to be more productive at work, while just over a quarter of employed Americans without a 4-year college degree (27 percent) say they are learning new skills to be able to use AI to be more productive at work.

When employed Americans were asked how much of the time they would say they use AI tools to help them do their work, close to half (47 percent) say never, 25 percent say rarely, 20 percent say sometimes, and 7 percent say very often.

"The findings reveal a growing AI divide. Workers who are learning AI skills and using AI tools are more likely to have college degrees, white-collar jobs, and higher household incomes, indicating that AI adoption is not happening evenly across the workforce," added Triantoro.

YOUNG PEOPLE

More than 8 in 10 Americans (83 percent) are either very concerned (54 percent) or somewhat concerned (29 percent) that AI will diminish the ability of the youngest generation to think for themselves, while 15 percent are either not so concerned (7 percent) or not concerned at all (8 percent).

Women are among the most concerned, as 86 percent are either very concerned (58 percent) or somewhat concerned (28 percent), while 12 percent are either not so concerned (6 percent) or not concerned at all (6 percent).

Among men, 79 percent are either very concerned (49 percent) or somewhat concerned (30 percent), while 19 percent are either not so concerned (8 percent) or not concerned at all (11 percent).

Among Gen Z Americans, 83 percent are either very concerned (44 percent) or somewhat concerned (39 percent) that AI will diminish the ability of the youngest generation to think for themselves, while 14 percent are either not so concerned (9 percent) or not concerned at all (5 percent).

"This growing dependence - even addiction - on AI chatbots has sparked widespread alarm. Women, more than men, express deeper unease about what this means for the next generation's ability to think independently. For many, the question is no longer what AI can do - but what it might be undoing," added Jaiswal.

IMPACT ON POLITICS

Eighty-six percent of Americans are either very concerned (63 percent) or somewhat concerned (23 percent) about political leaders using AI to distribute fake or misleading information, while 12 percent are either not so concerned (5 percent) or not concerned at all (7 percent).

1,562 U.S. adults nationwide were surveyed from April 3rd - 7th with a margin of error of +/- 2.5 percentage points. The survey included 867 employed adults with a margin of error of +/- 3.3 percentage points.

The Quinnipiac University Poll, directed by Doug Schwartz, Ph.D. since 1994, conducts independent, non-partisan national and state polls on politics and issues. Surveys adhere to industry best practices and are based on probability-based samples using random digit dialing with live interviewers calling landlines and cell phones.

Visit poll.qu.edu or www.facebook.com/quinnipiacpoll

Email poll@qu.edu or follow us on X @QuinnipiacPoll.

Poll Questions